常见with或without.其构成复合结构有以下几种形式：
1） with＋名词／代词＋形容词
He stared at me with his mouth open.
他张着嘴，凝视着我。
It is not good manners to speak with your mouth full．
满嘴食物去说话是不礼貌的。
Before he came here, my father used to sleep with his eyes open. 我父亲来这儿之前，常常睁着眼睛睡觉。
It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room with his nose red. 外面天气很冷，那个男孩跑进了屋子时，鼻子红红的。
2） with＋名词／代词＋副词
The boy stood there,with his head down.
这个男孩低着头站在那里。
Holmes and Watson sat with the light on foe half an hour.
福尔摩斯和华生开着灯坐了半小时。
With Mary away John felt miserable.
由于玛丽走了，约翰觉得很悲哀。
The city looks more beautiful with all the lights on．
所有的灯亮起来，这座城市看起来更漂亮了。
He was standing there with nothing on. 他一丝不挂地站在那里。
We went home with our work over. 我们工作做完就回家了。
3） with＋名词／代词＋介词短语
He stood there with his hand in his pocket.
他站在那儿，一只手插在口袋里。
With the children at school,we can’t take our vacations when we want to.
由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假的时候却不能去。
The woman with a baby on her back lives downstairs．
这个背着婴儿的妇女住在楼下。
The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand. 老师手里拿着本书走进了教室。
He was asleep with his head on his arms. 他头放在手臂上睡着了。
4） with＋名词／代词＋不定式，不定式表示主动、将来的动作。
With you to help us, we are sure to finish the work on time．
有你来帮忙，我们会按时完成任务的。
With you to help us, we’ll surely succeed. 有你来帮忙，我们一定会成功的。
With no one to talk to John felt miserable.
由于没有课谈话的人，约翰觉得很悲哀。
With so much work to do, we can’t kill any time by playing cards．
有这么多工作要做，我们没有时间打扑克。
5）with＋名词／代词＋-ing形式，-ing形式表示主动或动作正在进行。
With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声在，他们驱车来到皇宫。
With Peter working in Birmingham,and Lucy travelling most of the week,the house seems pretty empty.
皮特在伯明翰工作，而露丝这周多半时间到处跑，所以，这所房子显得空荡荡的。
With a boy leading the way, they started towards the village．
由一个男孩带路，他们朝那个村子走去。
With the boy leading the way, we quickly found the house. 有男孩带路，我们很快找到那所房间。
*The English class ended with all students singing an English song. 英语课以全体学生合唱一首英语歌而结束。
I can't move about in the city without everybody knowing. 在这座城市我的行踪无法不让大家知道。
6） with＋名词／代词＋过去分词，过去分词表示被动或动作已经完成。
With the problems settled, we all felt very happy．
问题解决了，我们都感到很高兴。
With a lot of problems settled, the newly-elected president is having a good time. 解决了许多问题之后，新上任的总统有一个好的时光。
With the homework finished, he was allowed to watch the football match. 完成作业之后，他被允许看足球赛。
7）with＋名词／代词＋名词
China is a great country, with its capital Beijing.
中国是一个伟大的国家，首都是北京。
He died with his son (being) yet a schoolboy.他去世时候儿子还是个小学生。
注意，上述结构作伴随状语时，与独立结构很相似，但是更加口语化。请看：
She sat in the corner, with her face dull.
She sat in the corner, her face dull.
她坐在角落里，脸色很阴沉。
with+复合结构常常是修饰谓语，表示伴随、原因、条件状语等，也可以作定语。
